Domestic Water Supply System & Plumbing Installation in High Rise Building

As on previous entry, we've known that there are 3 types of water supply system. One of them include High Rise Building which can be categorized into:

1. Boosted system 1
2. Boosted system 2

High rise buildings are buildings with more than 4 storey buildings and usually facilitate with lift.In high rise building, due to low pressure on higher altitude and water doesn't flow uphills, it needs pumps to lift the water upwards. So, high rise building used pressure booster system in water supply system.This system help to increase in water pressure.

Pressure Booster System consists of : 

1. pump
2. control panel
3. series of pipes

There are 5 configuration system for Pressure Booster System

Single Booster System

Water tank is located in front pumps system filled with water from the mains. This enable capacity of building peak demand to be higher than mains, ensuring uniform pressure even in high flow situations.

The break tank is filled with water during low consumption periods & ensures sufficient supply of water to booster system at all times 

Zone Divided System

Zone divided water system diagram

The supply system is distributed into several zones supplying maximum of 12 floors each

This make sure adequate water on all floors without using pressure relief valves.

Roof Tanks/Overhead Tanks with Terrace Booster System

Roof tanks water supply system diagram

Ensure both water pressure & water supply in case of power failure. The solution requires pressure reduction valves on each floor in order to avoid undesired static pressure at the tap, which cause noise.

Series-connected Systems with Intermediate Break Tanks

Series-connected system with intermediate break tanks diagram

Draw on several other systems, utilizing centrally-placed break tanks to supply both the taps in its own boosting zone & all zones above it.With this system, a building is split into smaller & more manageable pressure zones of 12 floors each. Every zone is then supply by its own booster set. No pressure reduction valves are needed and in case of electrical breakdown the tanks will be able to supply pressure & water. However, the tanks take up large space within the building, cutting off the room available for revenue generation.

A Series-Connected System Without Intermediate Break Tanks

A series-connected system without intermediate break tanks diagram

Operates on the same principles as the previous system, however without the intermediate break tanks. This allow an effective usage power because the water is only pumped to zone where it is used and not to transfer it.

However complete control is very crucial. When a consumer draws water on upper floor for booster systems must deliver the water from bottom of building

Valves

Valve is the carrying of water to equipment and appliances has to be capable of being shut off so that pipework appliances can be repaired and maintained. This achieved by inserting valves or cocks at various points in pipework.

Type of Valves

Stop Valve
To close the flow of water, The crutch head handle is rotated slowly reducing the flow thus preventing sudden impact of vibration and hammering.

Gate Valve
To close the flow of water, the wheel head is rotated to control the flow water. This valve offer far less resistance than stop valve. Used to control the flow of water on low pressure installations.

Float/Ball Valve & Scour Valve
Float Valve : Automatic flow control devices fitted to cisterns to maintain an appropriate volume of water.
Scour Valve : A washout valve located at the lowest point of the cistern for maintenance and cleaning.