Water Supply System

Water supply system is a system that to have treatment, storage and distribution for the water supply. Normally, people use the water for drinking, food preparation, sanitary appliances, fire protection, industrial purposes and others.

There are source of water supply such as ground water and surface water. Ground water usually known as primary source of drinking water. The ground water located at between the soil pore space and rocks. Surface water are from lakes, reservoirs and rivers. When raining, reservoir can store the rain as water. Ground water need the less treatment than surface water.

Upper Layang dam in Masai

There is a natural process called as hydrologic cycle also known as water cycle. These are the process in this cycle such as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, sublimation and others.

Sources of Water Contaminants

Operational Water Supply System

There are 3 types of water supply system which are:

1. Traditional System
2. Low Rise Buildings
3. High Rise Buildings

This week, we'll focus on Low Rise Buildings System which can be categorized into 3 parts:

• Direct System
• Indirect System
• Combination System

Case study :

B12, Fakulti Alam Bina

   Our case study is Low Rise Building.
   The system that used is "indirect  system" :

B12 Piping System

                                    

                                      

   Characteristic of Direct & Indirect System:

DIRECT SYSTEM (NON STORAGE)	INDIRECT SYSTEM (STORAGE)
Sends mains pressured drinking standard water to every cold tap in house	Water going to overhead tank and their redistributed to fixtures by gravity
Less pipework & smaller/ no cistern, so system is cheaper to install	Lower demand on water main
Reduces the chance for bacterial contamination	Fixtures fed from tank causes less pressure to taps and valve hence less wear
Suited to high demand	Prevent pressure from drop at peak demand period
Provide safe drinking water to all taps in the house	Large capacity cistern provides a reserve of water during interruption of supply
Can’t supply water when mains pressure is low and supply is off & the system is nosier	Water pressure on the taps supplied from cistern is reduced, minimizes wear on taps & noise
Smaller cistern which may be sited below ceiling	Fittings supplied with water from the cistern are prevented from causing pollution of drinking water by back siphon age